As the incumbent Director-General Pascal Lamy (Pascal Lamy) will be completed in August of this year tenure, who to succeed Lamy has become the WTO few months the most important task.
As of the end of December 2012, the appointment of the Director-General of the end of the nomination, the appointment of the second phase of the program starts. Recently, WTO summary disclosure of the official list of nine candidates, all the rest come from emerging markets or developing members (three Latin American countries, African countries except New Zealand Trade Minister Tim Groser (Tim Groser) Asian countries).
And the World Bank and the International Monetary Fund (IMF), the competition in the WTO Director-General is also emerging market members an opportunity to compete for the international market discourse, however, for the members of the emerging markets in terms of a large population, complex interests of competing geopolitical seize opportunities not easy.
Of appointment of practices, as well as Insiders inference analysis of international multilateral organizations in recent years, the new term, WTO head may Whispering emerging market members. The suspense is still several candidates who can truly representative of this group?
"We should appeal to the emerging market members agree to support the object focused in 1 to 2 people, rather than as they are now too scattered." Senior Research Fellow of the China-US Relations Research Center of Tsinghua University, Zhou said. The experts told the "First Financial Daily" reporters who repeatedly participate in multilateral trade negotiations, Europe and the United States are generally highly consistent stance on these issues.
Process
WTO Director-General is generally a term of four years, re-election before the term of office of the session of the WTO Director-General Pascal Lamy will be cut-off by the end of August this year. Under the program, the process of the appointment of the new Director-General shall be nine months before the departure of the incumbent Director-General, the final candidates before the departure of three months by the WTO General Council met and elected.
Under this process, the nomination of candidates has been completed on December 31, 2012. Brazil to nominate its resident representative of WTO, Roberto Azevedo the (Roberto Carvalho de Azevêdo) campaign on the same day, he has been involved in the negotiations of the Doha Round. Other candidates from Africa, Ghana, Kenya, Latin America, Costa Rica, Mexico, Asia, Jordan, Indonesia and South Korea as well as developed countries from Oceania, New Zealand.
Compared to the IMF and the World Bank in charge of the election process the WTO appointed Director-General of the process has its particularity. The first two international organizations, Europe and the United States the right to speak and share has been funded through its voting weight relative quantification reflect relatively more clear, the electoral process and expected.
Released under WTO agenda, the nine candidates will be unveiled to all members of the WTO General Council meeting held on January 29 and self-promotion. The result of an election is expected to be released in May.
Pundits said the reporter in the selection process, the Chairman of the General Council of the WTO trade dispute settlement roles of the Chairman and the Chairman of the Trade Policy Review of some importance, the three chairmen will be a conversation with each candidate a and their scoring ranking, three of the next round of talks will inform the candidates on a ranking. Eventually, ranking candidates take the initiative to withdraw from the roughly two candidates formed in May.
"The whole process is not very transparent," he said.
An unwritten rule in WTO Director-General usually at least when senior officials of Ministers or international organizations. Another is the rotation of the office of the Director-General by the "developed and developing members and members of the different regions. From these two points of view, the election of the nine candidates may get some idea.
"Europe and the United States the most recognized ability, the industry also has unwritten rules that worked before taking office level as considerations together, the United States and Europe to support the likely candidates in New Zealand." The authorities say .
Frenchman Pascal Lamy similar Groser has been involved in the Doha Round negotiations. But look at the history of the five any WTO Director-General from Ireland, Italy, New Zealand, Thailand and France. Analysts said this again and again developed economies candidates is unlikely.
Candidates
Brazilian Azevedo also participate in the Doha Round negotiations, Costa Rica nominated incumbent Minister of Foreign Trade, Annabel Gonzalez (Ms Anabel González), she worked from 2006 to 2009, he was the WTO agriculture and basic product Secretary long.
Candidates in Africa, including Ghana's former trade ministerAlan John Kwadwo Kyerematen and Kenya's Permanent Mission to WTO Ambassador Amina Mohamed (Amina C. Mohamed).
Asian candidates are Marie Elka Pangestu, Indonesian Minister of Culture and Tourism of South Korean Foreign Affairs and Trade, International Trade and representations the Minister Park Tae-ho, and Jordan, the former Trade and Industry Minister Ahmad Hindawi (Ahmad Thougan Hindawi).
The Chinese WTO School, University of International Business and Economics Tu Xinquan told the reporter he personally optimistic about the Brazilian candidate, because in addition to capabilities, their influence in the multilateral trading system is also crucial. The authorities claimed that the Brazilian candidate is quite tough attitude towards America may experience a rebound in the United States.
Mexico has been in the international multilateral organizations stage to show themselves, such as the previous campaign IMF Managing Director Carstens (Agustin Carstens). Concern, the current Secretary-General will also be Mexicans Mexico, the Organization of Economic Cooperation and Development (OECD) member of the organization as the combined Mexico to the United States in a number of economic and trade policy in line, so the Mexican candidate converting Latin America state support.
Emerging markets and developed economies battle once, in the 1999 election when, due to serious differences among the members, former New Zealand prime minister Mike Moore (Mike Moore) and former Thai Deputy Prime Minister Supachai Panitchpakdi, elected for a term of 3 years .
2011 campaign frustrated IMF Carstens stage in the campaign, he won the election with little hope, first, because the Europeans as long as 65 years in charge of the IMF's traditional, and second, in Europe there is a strong emotion, that is, by the a Europeans helm of the IMF and the response to the debt crisis.
In 2012, the race of the president of the World Bank, from the United States Kim Yong Ocampo, Nigeria Okondo Joe - Yi Weila (Ngozi Okonjo-Iweala) and Colombia (Jose Antonio Ocampo) to create a record, which Since the Bank's inception in 1945, the first candidate of the other countries and the United States of persons nominated open competition, but also in developing countries for the first time to challenge the throne of the World Bank president.
Ultimately, U.S. President Barack Obama nominated Korean American medical experts, elected Kim Yong, president of Dartmouth College, USA. This is the World Bank for the first time broke through the past 11 governors background are the Wall Street bankers, or the history of America's government. Emerging market countries can be considered to have a stance on concessions.
Challenge
If you want to inventory Lamy achievements, the Doha Round is definitely a "tainted". For successor, is also a hot potato.
The Doha Round negotiations between the members of WTO multilateral trade negotiations. November 2011, WTO Fourth Ministerial Conference held in Doha, capital of Qatar, to start a new round of multilateral trade negotiations, called the Doha Development Agenda, referred to as the Doha Round.
Candidate in 2005, unanimously approved Lamy outstanding ability, but his term of office, most people feel frustrated things repeatedly deadlocked Doha Round to reach an agreement within the foreseeable future. The watchers told reporters said, it also highlights that the real power of the driving characteristics of the Members of the WTO Director-General is not as big as the IMF and the World Bank.
The purpose of the Doha Round negotiations for WTO members to cut trade barriers, more fair trade environment to promote the economic development of the world, especially in poorer countries. The main topic of negotiations, including agriculture, non-agricultural market access, trade in services, rules negotiations, dispute settlement, intellectual property rights, trade and development, and trade and environment. 8. The key to negotiations is the agricultural and non-agricultural market access issues, including cuts in farm subsidies, cut tariffs on agricultural imports and lower tariffs on industrial imports three parts.
The multilateral negotiations, the real protagonist is the United States, the European Union, as well as by developing members 20 Coordination Group ". Parties to the original plan to conclude the negotiations in January 1, 2005, due to serious differences, negotiations time and again been extended.
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