How the U.S. Social Security system is built ?

United States is a secure, less welfare States.

Now talk about the people's livelihood, generally referred to the welfare and security of the two words, which is the foundation of social security, social welfare is high level. Social security is the earliest in the world under Bismarck's Germany, Britain and other countries were established after the great depression of the last century, social welfare is a product of the second world war. Now include China, the world's major powers are in fact complete the infrastructure of a social security system, part of its controversial social welfare.

United States although no benefits, but social security is. United States belonging to the liberal State, limited government participation in Economic Affairs, stressed that market security as the core, surrender market allocation for social welfare, non-commercialization of effects is very low, prevailing elitism but stressed that equal political, economic polarization evident on. Traditional States follow only the poor, competition for the market "loser" or a lack of capacity to provide limited support and complement and guarantee their minimum needs. Welfare treatment through rigorous review or a means test to determine.

United States social security road

United States social security and social welfare has experienced two major periods, a period was during the great depression, Roosevelt, another was launched by President Johnson, 60 of the last century "great social movements". Prior period is to establish minimum guarantees, then one is towards welfare.

United States after the end of the civil war, prosperity of national stability and development stages. During this period, laisser faire and social Darwinism was United States mainstream philosophy. This is known as the "gilded age" in the years ahead, United States social feature is the principle of supremacy of the market economic operation of individualism and elitism are advocates, there is no concept of social security, United States the role of the Government is "the night watchman" Government.

Into the 20th century, classical capitalism suffered a strong impact. Old Roosevelt when the first ten ages, United States broke the "progressive movement" egalitarian gradually taking root, trade unions towards social and political center. Under great social pressure, the old Roosevelt to the United States a limited modification of the political and economic system, begin to pay attention to the protection of labour, regulating industry, antitrust, environmental protection and other problems, he even broke precedent and invite a black man to the White House for dinner.

In the 1930 of the 20th century's "great crisis" to the United States brought about profound changes, the social security system was born in Roosevelt's new deal. Roosevelt's new deal, to correct the old capitalism, to intervene in the economy, an amendment to the social Darwinism. Roosevelt's "3R" action in history, namely, rehabilitation (Recovery), relief (Relief) and reform (Reform).

United States Government recognizes: "save the unemployed, not charity, but a social responsibility", "by the Government to avoid suffering from hunger, a huge waste of human resources to prevent terrible". Small Cairns, profess and practice, President Roosevelt had also accepted the theory of "economic justice", he proposed to give the nationals for the first time in the inaugural "from the (economic) freedom from want", which took the country to the positive from the negative freedom of free change of the first step.

In 1933, United States Social Security Act was introduced. Introduction of this important law, the United States had a qualitative leap forward in social security, with the core legislation, United States community has officially entered the era of citizen security.

In early 1944, President Roosevelt proposed "second Bill of rights", includes enough to cope with food and clothing and recreation income, adequate health care, decent housing, good education, old age, sickness, accident and unemployment relief. After the death of President Roosevelt, United States social security expansion operations have been conducted, in 1950, 1952, 1954 and 1956 for significant amendments to social security-related content. 30-50 's people were known as "the greatest generation of Americans" can be said to be worthy representatives of President Roosevelt.

Entered 60 generation, United States of social security improved ushered in has second a peak, Johnson President of "great social" campaign, boot United States of social welfare Mai Shang has a new stepped, only in he served of head two years in drew attention to the United States Congress through of legal "than century within any a President in any a session Congress by made of are to more" main proposal on including welfare bill, and civil rights bill and eradication poverty Bill, which and welfare directly related of has primary and secondary schools education law under, and higher education law under, and medical care law under, and Food Stamp Act, the economic opportunity act, covering a massive funding primary and secondary education, providing education on college students ' grants and loans, medical care system and medical assistance system, relief and vocational retraining.

Politicians in action, United States scholars in national welfare improvement and actively explore. Rawls ' theory of Justice is one of the most influential sociology, he made a series of great value to social justice perspective, deals with the General principles of Justice, United States social tradition of giving priority to efficiency and utilitarianism principle shock impact. Today, Rawls ' view of distributive justice is often considered a basic ethical foundation of the welfare state.

Another scholar Michelmann in Rawls ' theory of Justice on the basis of construction of the "minimum guarantee" welfare rights legal framework in favour of food, shelter, medical care and education, these meet the minimum means of subsistence should be of constitutional significance "welfare rights". Michelmann awareness than European academia's liberal views are conservative, but also gave each United States citizen an opportunity to gain more dignity and well-being.

70, United States "Gode Goldberg v. Kelly Borg" accepted and affirmed the Raich "new theory of property rights", reversing the United States believes that credit belongs to the backward concept of privileged society in the past, confirm that it is the fundamental right of citizens, this means that in the United States the Department of law of the country, on the welfare and security of the law into the revolutionary era.

During the administration of President Ronald Reagan to President Bush, was United States welfare process, 20 years, United States social security not only no progress, but has undergone considerable setback, but did not change the basic framework, which benefited from social credit to groups such as trade unions, farmers ' associations.

United States a large number of farmers from the Government's agricultural subsidies, it is farmers ' Association continue to exert pressure on the Government to seek to. Trade unions are also the same, car giant mass layoffs in the two years before the days are sad! Final solution is the Government stepped in to support the Giants, go marry other members of the social burden. In the United States, trade unions, farmers ' associations and other industry associations to powerful umbrella membership benefits.

United States security projects are divided into three classes on social security, public assistance and welfare services, each United States citizen has a social security card issued by the social security administration, also known as the SIN card, each received a social security card, if you lose the bid for a copy of it. This card is United States residents of one of the most important identity documents. Normal tax use this card at all times, card holders are recorded on all records of income and taxes, eligibility for social welfare payments and the amount to be calculated depending on the individual's record. Usually candidates seeking vocational education, bank accounts, loans, applications, and so on, to produce a social security card or fill in the guarantee card number.