On pensions, a lot of people would think that United States imposed commercial endowment insurance, this is actually wrong, United States pension is an act of State, and non-commercial activities. If you want to understand a country's pension system, we have to figure out three-point, one pension includes several parts, is the second parts are how to pay, how the three parts is received.
United States pension system constituted by the national pension plans and private pension plans. United States Social Welfare States in the West are not the best, but its social security payments system is the largest in the world. United States social security system began in 1935, when Congress passed the Social Security Act, official United States working groups establishing old-age pension system in 1956, after amending the law, pensions have also begun to cover people with disabilities.
United States social security payments is not General in nature, in the United States for people who work a year can therefore access to point 4, about 10 years to obtain the required 40 points, the qualifications to apply for Social Security retirement benefits. Which is not working Americans, or less than ten years of work Americans are unable to receive social security payments. Note that the key to apply for a pension, is in the United States to work legally for more than 10 years, regardless of citizenship or green card status, as a matter of green card holders of long-term residence abroad, is under the provisions of immigration law, had nothing to do with social security pensions.
Americans receive social Angun age rising, people born after 1943, are eligible for full social Angun is 66 years of age. People born after 1960, are eligible for full social Angun was 67 years of age. But people can choose to advance or postpone receiving social Angun, the oldest is 62 years of age receiving Angun, received earlier, amount paid every month will be reduced a lot. If you are age 62 receive Angun, 75% Angun in full and receive amounts every month. 63 per cent to 80%, 64, 86.7%, 65 years of 93.3%.
While the minimum pension age is 62 years old, but Americans do not have to continuously work to 62 years of age to be eligible, as long as the point reached 40. Due to the different income per person, receiving Angun will vary. Working longer, higher wages, more pension. Generally, retirees receive social security payments account for about a year before retirement income 40%. Social security payments report 2011 noted that in 2010, United States 54 million people receive social security payments, pay social security payments of taxes Americans 157 million people.
United States the formula for the calculation of social security payments are fixed, if a $ 75,000 annual salary for persons receiving social Angun in 66 years, how much he can receive each month to Angun? United States social Angun of calculation mode of, by months wage income plus two a calculation points to calculation, first a calculation points for 680 dollars, second a calculation points for 4,100 dollars, annual salary 75,000 dollars of people months wage for 6,250 dollars, if he in 2007 Shi retirement, he monthly can received of social Angun through formula calculation for: 90% (680) +32% (4100-680) +15% (6250-4100) = 1960 dollars, Can receive the Angun 23,520 dollars a year.
Three retirement income mainly Angun, according to statistics, social security payments are most Americans ' main source of income after retirement, 40% of Angun about retirement income. In 2007, half of the retirees ' income is from social Angun, 32% 90% income of retirees from Angun. Due to the existence of social security payments, 40% elderly people over the age of 65 from falling into poverty.
United States pensions was "you-go system", United States Government issued through taxes to sustain social Angun, and participate in the work of people from gold-working day will pay social security taxes, employers have to pay social security payments for each employee taxes. From a historical point of view, 1940 United States employers and employees pay social security payments of taxes each year is an employee earning 2% in 1970, rising to 8.4% in 1990, increased to 12.4%, this rate has been maintained up to now. In 2011, for Obama as an employee of the social security payment rates reduced by two percentage points, so employers and employees pay social security payments to the Government rate 10.4% per cent of total annual income for their employees. If they open a small sale, do a little business, this is called self-employment, self employment status both for employers and employees combined, in 2011 to pay social security payments of taxes to the Government rate is 10.4%.
Tax social security payments are managed by a dedicated Fund, in accordance with the personal situation of retirees each year to grant them social Angun, until the person dies. Angun issued each year according to the inflation rate to adjust in order to avoid a decline in the real incomes of retirees.
Angun on release, United States Government a little taste of robbing, Angun high-income people paid taxes much higher than low-income people, if you press return, low-income people access to return much more than higher income groups.
An Jinhui, and retirees and members of their families
Americans ' pensions is not just a person's social welfare of retired persons, but also benefits to spouses and children. If the retiree died, his spouse had no income spouse can also receive death Angun, subject to the following conditions: a spouse aged over 50 years old, belong to people with disabilities; the second is the spouse aged over 60 years of age; third, regardless of the spouse's age, families with children under age 16 or disabled dependent. As long as it meets one of the above three conditions, the spouse can enjoy Angun died personnel. Current United States there are approximately 5 million enjoy spouse Angun welfare of widows, that for seniors, especially women's lives is a big help.
If the retiree died, children can enjoy the died person Angun. Receiving condition is: not more than 18 years of age; persons still in high school reading 18-19; 18-22 for people with disabilities. If retirees are to dependent parent and dependent spending account for more than half of the living expenses of the elderly, in this case, retirees if passed away, his parents can enjoy receiving the death Angun.
This implementation results can be avoided after the death of retired persons, living hardship to his family to reduce United States poor. At the same time for those who are incapable of working, would amount to the Government, it would be to help people out.
United States tax social security payments be handed over to the Federal Pension Fund management of older persons, the Fund was founded in 1940. From 1982 to 2009, the United States retirement funds have been in surplus status of older persons, the lowest surplus of 89 billion dollars a year, the highest surplus of 190 billion dollars a year.
According to the law, pension fund surplus of older persons need to be loaned to the Federal Government, even with interest for a certain period to repay the Government for the elderly pension funds. By 2009, United States social security payment system can be said to be good, prosperity, but after the 2010 United States social security payments system is facing a huge crisis. From 2010 to 2020, the 8 year old retirement fund expenditures will exceed revenue. But since the Government interest, funds will continue to grow. Between 2021 and the situation is not optimistic, the Fund paid retirees ' Pension Fund amount will be much higher than the income of the Fund, this imbalance will continue until 2037, the elderly pension fund reserves will be depleted, if measures are not taken by the Government, when retirees ' pensions issue will become an issue.
Ageing around the world have been greatly exaggerated, of course, because 2037 world is another touch-like, and the difficulties now facing humanity is only temporary, to now speculate the future itself unreasonable. Human predicament now facing more two difficult adjustment between the revolution of science and technology, and this adjustment than the last century's great depression is clearly much milder, we see human problems, but also confidence in human development.
Second believe that ageing drag on the misunderstanding of pensions actually has a very important, it is the United States is the pay system of pension, this system means that the proportion of pension payment is not fixed, if you have extended the life expectancy of the population, it should increase the length of payment or increase the proportion of payment to guarantee pension payments, this is not a problem at all. Moreover, Western countries, their pension payment has is constantly changing, this is a common situation, excessive hype pension dilemma is meaningless.
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